Diabetes are one kind of chronic metabolism illness sickness, is mainly because the pancreatic gland Beta the cell secretion insulin insufficiency or secretes the insulin cannot play the proper role, cannot the glucose which absorbs lead in the cell to transform effectively the energy which daily needs for us, certainly cannot store up effectively, causes excessively many glucose to agglomerate in the blood, makes the blood sugar to advance, surpasses kidney's load or the threshold value, will pass through the urine to discharge, causes saccharorrhea, therefore, diabetes will be take the hyperglycemia as the characteristic, may be accompanied by saccharorrhea. The diabetes long-term hyperglycemia will often create many organizations, particularly eye, dirty, nerve, heart and blood vessel's damage, will cause its function flaw and the failure. Because many reason illness get sick may cause diabetes, therefore diabetes in fact are one kind of metabolism barrier syndrome. Our country diabetes prevalence rate assumes the tendency which rises year by year, 1999 bottoms reach 3.6%.
Diabetes' factor easily may divide into the hereditary factors and the environmental factor roughly.
Diabetes' hereditary factors are complex, following evidence support hereditary factors function.
①With family history related: If person's parents or his/her brothers in the sisters have the diabetic, this kind of person will be very from now on easy to contract diabetes.
②HLA (organization compatible antigen) expresses excessively: HLA is the human body by the molecular genetic decision some specific component, certain ingredient excessively many formations (expression was excessively) occurs by its gene exceptionally changed the result, the research discovered that some diabetes (were mainly 1 diabetes) have the very strong connection with these molecular genetic variation. If a person has this kind of hereditary change gene, this person is easier to contract diabetes, in the medicine is called diabetes easily heredity.
③Genetic disorder: In some families, because the genetic disorder may also cause the insulin original direction insulin the transformation to have the barrier, causes the insulin the formation to reduce causes the blood sugar to elevate, causes diabetes, this kind of diabetes carry on the heredity by the euchromosome dominance heredity way.
④Other: If the code insulin acceptor's gene has the flaw, or the code insulin tyrosine carboxylase's genetic disorder and so on may cause the serious diabetes.
Diabetes' environmental factor
①Own immunity: Own immunity is refers to certain person's immune system to have the immunity harm to own tissue cell, certain foreign substance molecular structure with Beta cell's resembling, therefore this foreign substance induction organism produces the immune body will also aim at Beta the cell launch immunity attack. The foreign substance may be a virus, may also be outside the virus. Therefore, in some contract on the patient body which own immunity illness gets sick the detectable islet cells to suffer the destruction to have diabetes.
②Virus infection: The virus may encroach upon the island of langerhans Beta cell directly, the massive destruction Beta cell, suppresses Beta the cell to grow unceasingly, Beta cell quantity reduces gradually.
③Chemical substance: When below the people contact some materials easy to induce or to cause diabetes. Like the chain urea rhzomorph, the alloxan, the fifth heavenly stem double onamot and Vacor and so on may destroy Beta the cell; Certain medicines and the chemical substance may reduce the insulin secretion, in has in the patient who the insulin resists, possibly accelerates diabetes' formation, like the nicotine acid, five onamots, the thyroxine, the sugar cortical hormone, the thiazide diuretic, Beta on the kidney the element can the excited medicinal preparation, Dilantin, Alpha the interferon and so on.
④Obese: On the obesity in vivo insulin target cell insulin acceptor quantity reduces, after or the insulin and in the acceptor union's cell responds the existence flaw; Moreover, obese may cause the insulin to produce the sugar to the liver the inhibitory action to reduce. The centricity (or abdomen), the internal organs obese (i.e. abdominal cavity fat content increases) particularly was considered that is presses to send a 2 diabetes' important attribute.
⑤The physical strength activity reduces: Generally the mental ability worker diabetes prevalence rate is higher than the strongback. Because the physical strength activity may increase the organization to the insulin sensitivity; Reduces the body weight to be possible to improve the sugar metabolism and fat metabolism, reduces the insulin resistance.
⑥Smoking: Function mechanism not completely clear, but studies confirmed that smoking may increase the insulin resistance, and has the toxic action to the island of langerhans Beta cell, causes the insulin secretion insufficiency. Smoking is 2 diabetes' independence hazard factors.